Mechanisms of neuroplasticity and brain degeneration:strategies for protection during the aging process
Mariana Toricelli1
Arthur Antonio Ruiz Pereira2
Guilherme Souza Abrao2
Helena Nascimento Malerba2
Julia Maia2
Hudson Sousa Buck1
Tania Araujo Viel2
1.Department of Physiological Sciences,Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences,Sao Paulo,Brazil2.Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging,School of Arts,Sciences and Humanities,Universidade de S?o Paulo,Sao Paulo,Brazil
摘要：Aging is a dynamic and progressive process that begins at conception and continues until death. This process leads to a decrease in homeostasis and morphological, biochemical and psychological changes, increasing the individual's vulnerability to various diseases. The growth in the number of aging populations has increased the prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases, impairment of the central nervous system and dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease, whose main risk factor is age, leading to an increase of the number of individuals who need daily support for life activities. Some theories about aging suggest it is caused by an increase of cellular senescence and reactive oxygen species, which leads to inflammation, oxidation, cell membrane damage and consequently neuronal death. Also, mitochondrial mutations, which are generated throughout the aging process, can lead to changes in energy production, deficiencies in electron transport and apoptosis induction that can result in decreased function. Additionally, increasing cellular senescence and the release of proinflammatory cytokines can cause irreversible damage to neuronal cells. Recent reports point to the importance of changing lifestyle by increasing physical exercise, improving nutrition and environmental enrichment to activate neuroprotective defense mechanisms. Therefore, this review aims to address the latest information about the different mechanisms related to neuroplasticity and neuronal death and to provide strategies that can improve neuroprotection and decrease the neurodegeneration caused by aging and environmental stressors.
机标关键词：
论文发表日期：2021-01-28
在线出版日期：2025-08-15（本平台首次上网日期，不代表文献的发表时间）
页数：10( 58-67 )
英文信息