MicroRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration: advances and limitations
Bridget Martinez1
Philip V. Peplow2
1.Physical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA;Department of Medicine, St.George's University School of Medicine, Grenada2.Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
摘要：A main cause of vision loss in the elderly is age-related macular degeneration (AMD).Among the cellular, biochemical, and molecular changes linked to this disease, inflammation and angiogenesis appear as being crucial in AMD pathogenesis and progression. There are two forms of the disease: dry AMD, accounting for 80–90％ of cases, and wet AMD. The disease usually begins as dry AMD associated with retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptor degeneration, whereas wet AMD is associated with choroidal neovascularization resulting in severe vision impairment. The new vessels are largely malformed, leading to blood and fluid leakage within the disrupted tissue, which provokes inflammation and scar formation and results in retinal damage and detachment. MicroRNAs are dysregulated in AMD and may facilitate the early detection of the disease and monitoring disease progression. Two recent reviews of microRNAs in AMD had indicated weaknesses or limitations in four earlier investigations. Studies in the last three years have shown considerable progress in overcoming some of these concerns and identifying specific microRNAs as biomarkers for AMD. Further large-scale studies are warranted using appropriate statistical methods to take into account gender and age disparity in the study populations and confounding factors such as smoking status.
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论文发表日期：2021-03-28
在线出版日期：2025-08-15（本平台首次上网日期，不代表文献的发表时间）
页数：8( 440-447 )
英文信息