Molecular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotection of environmental enrichment in Parkinson's disease
Tamara Andrea Alarcón1
Sarah Martins Presti-Silva2
Ana Paula Toniato Sim?es1
Fabiola Mara Ribeiro3
Rita Gomes Wanderley Pires1
1.Department of Physiological Sciences,Health Science Center,Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo,Vitoria,Brazil;Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology,Health Science Center,Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo,Vitoria,Brazil2.Laboratory of Molecular and Behavioral Neurobiology,Health Science Center,Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo,Vitoria,Brazil;Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,Institute o Biological Sciences,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Ant?nio Carlos,Belo Horizonte,Brazil3.Department of Biochemistry and Immunology,Institute o Biological Sciences,Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais,Avenida Ant?nio Carlos,Belo Horizonte,Brazil
摘要：Parkinson's disease is the most common movement disorder, affecting about 1％ of the population over the age of 60 years. Parkinson's disease is characterized clinically by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability, as a result of the progressive loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. In addition to this neuronal cell loss, Parkinson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of intracellular protein aggregates, Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, composed primarily of the protein α-synuclein. Although it was first described almost 200 years ago, there are no disease-modifying drugs to treat patients with Parkinson's disease. In addition to conventional therapies, non-pharmacological treatment strategies are under investigation in patients and animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. Among such strategies, environmental enrichment, comprising physical exercise, cognitive stimulus, and social interactions, has been assessed in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. Environmental enrichment can cause structural and functional changes in the brain and promote neurogenesis and dendritic growth by modifying gene expression, enhancing the expression of neurotrophic factors and modulating neurotransmission. In this review article, we focus on the current knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying environmental enrichment neuroprotection in Parkinson's disease, highlighting its influence on the dopaminergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic systems, as well as the involvement of neurotrophic factors. We describe experimental pre-clinical data showing how environmental enrichment can act as a modulator in a neurochemical and behavioral context in different animal models of Parkinson's disease, highlighting the potential of environmental enrichment as an additional strategy in the management and prevention of this complex disease.
机标关键词：environmentalparkinsonmoleculardiseaseenrichmentmechanismsneuroprotectionunderlying
论文发表日期：2023-07-28
在线出版日期：2025-08-15（本平台首次上网日期，不代表文献的发表时间）
页数：7( 1450-1456 )
英文信息