Pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of epilepsy:electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy and new technologies
Dian Jiao1
Lai Xu1
Zhen Gu2
Hua Yan1
Dingding Shen3
Xiaosong Gu1
1.Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine,Tianjin University,Tianjin,China2.Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,China3.Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong,Jiangsu Province,China
摘要：Epilepsy is a severe,relapsing,and multifactorial neurological disorder.Studies regarding the accurate diagnosis,prognosis,and in-depth pathogenesis are crucial for the precise and effective treatment of epilepsy.The pathogenesis of epilepsy is complex and involves alterations in variables such as gene expression,protein expression,ion channel activity,energy metabolites,and gut microbiota composition.Satisfactory results are lacking for conventional treatments for epilepsy.Surgical resection of lesions,drug therapy,and non-drug interventions are mainly used in clinical practice to treat pain associated with epilepsy.Non-pharmacological treatments,such as a ketogenic diet,gene therapy for nerve regeneration,and neural regulation,are currently areas of research focus.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the pathogenesis,diagnostic methods,and treatments of epilepsy.It also elaborates on the theoretical basis,treatment modes,and effects of invasive nerve stimulation in neurotherapy,including percutaneous vagus nerve stimulation,deep brain electrical stimulation,repetitive nerve electrical stimulation,in addition to non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation.Numerous studies have shown that electromagnetic stimulation-mediated neuromodulation therapy can markedly improve neurological function and reduce the frequency of epileptic seizures.Additionally,many new technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy are being explored.However,current research is mainly focused on analyzing patients'clinical manifestations and exploring relevant diagnostic and treatment methods to study the pathogenesis at a molecular level,which has led to a lack of consensus regarding the mechanisms related to the disease.
机标关键词：technologiesdiagnosiselectromagneticepilepsymediatedneuromodulationpathogenesisstimulation
论文发表日期：2025-04-27
在线出版日期：2025-08-15（本平台首次上网日期，不代表文献的发表时间）
页数：19( 917-935 )
英文信息