Abstract:Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of Xiaoyin granules combined with halometasone cream in the treatment of psoriasis and its impact on immune function.Methods A total of 128 psoriasis patients admitted to the Air Force Medical Center of PLA from March 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided by random number table method into:a control group(64 cases)treated with Xiaoyin granules,and a study group(64 cases)treated with Xiaoyin granules plus halometasone cream.The efficacy,Psoriasis Area and Severity Index(PASI)score,CD4+,CD8+,immunoglobulin(Ig)A,IgG levels,and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.Results The total effective rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the study group(P<0.05).After treatment,the total PASI score and regional PASI scores of both groups decreased significantly,and the scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,CD4+level and CD4+/CD8+ratio increased significantly in both groups(P<0.05),while CD8+,IgA,and IgG levels decreased significantly(P<0.05).The study group showed significantly higher CD4+level and CD4+/CD8+ratio than the control group(P<0.05),and significantly lower CD8+,IgA,and IgG levels(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions was 9.38%in both the control group and the study group,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of Xiaoyin granules and halometasone cream is effective in the treatment of psoriasis,can alleviate skin lesions,regulate immune function,and has a high safety profile.

Abstract:Mitochondria,serving as cellular powerhouses and metabolic control centers,play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis.Mitochondrial quality control(MQC)is a core defense mechanism for preserving mitochondrial health.It regulates the relative stability of mitochondrial morphology,number,and quality through mitophagy,fission,and fusion,thereby sustaining cellular homeostasis.Mitochondrial-derived vesicles(MDVs)represent a newly identified MQC mechanism involved in regulating mitochondrial oxidative stress,widely present across diverse cell types and tissues.Under oxidative stress conditions,MDVs are extensively induced.They selectively encapsulate damaged mitochondrial components and transport them to lysosomes for degradation,thereby mediating the early clearance of damaged materials and effectively preserving mitochondrial structural and functional integrity.This review systematically summarizes the biogenesis,cargo selection,and transport pathways of MDVs,with a focus on elucidating the physiological roles of MDVs and recent research advances in their involvement in various diseases.

Abstract:Chronic respiratory diseases represented by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,pulmonary fibrosis,and lung cancer have become a major challenge in global public health due to their high incidence,high disability and mortality rates,and heavy socioeconomic burden.There remain shortcomings in the understanding of pathogenesis and the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for such diseases,and traditional treatment models cannot fully meet clinical needs.Against this backdrop,hydrogels,as biomaterials with tunable mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility,have made progress in fields such as drug delivery and tissue engineering,demonstrating broad application prospects.This article reviews the applications of hydrogels in common respiratory diseases and discusses their potential and advantages in elucidating disease mechanisms,treatment,and prevention.

Abstract:Objective To compare the effects of low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint on pain relief and lumbar function improvement in patients with training-induced low back pain at the primary care level.Methods A total of 72 patients with training-induced low back pain admitted to First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from October 2024 to April 2025 were prospectively selected and divided into a low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS)group(36 cases)and a balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint group(36 cases)using a random number table.Both groups received their respective treatments for a course of 2 weeks.General data were compared between the two groups.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI)scores were compared before and after treatment.Results Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant time×group interaction effect on VAS scores(F=4.231,P=0.021).There was no statistically significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups before treatment and at the 7-day follow-up(P>0.05).After treatment and at the 3-day and 7-day follow-ups,VAS scores in both groups were significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment and at the 3-day follow-up,the VAS scores of the balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint group[(1.19±1.69)points,(1.14±1.29)points]were significantly lower than those of the low-frequency TENS group[(2.06±1.58)points,(1.81±1.41)points](P<0.05).Repeated-measures analysis of variance showed a significant time×group interaction effect on ODI scores(F=3.894,P=0.035).There was no statistically significant difference in ODI scores between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment and at the 3-day and 7-day follow-ups,ODI scores in both groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the scores of the balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint group were significantly lower than those of the low-frequency TENS group(P<0.05).Conclusion Both low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint can effectively alleviate training-induced low back pain and improve lumbar function.Balance acupuncture at the lumbago acupoint is superior to low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in terms of onset speed and therapeutic intensity.

Abstract:Objective To evaluate the scanning time,positioning accuracy,and consistency of cardiac function results between the EasyScan automatic positioning technology and the traditional manual positioning method,aiming to verify the potential of this technology in improving examination efficiency and maintaining image quality.Methods Sixty-five consecutive patients who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)examination at the Tongzhou Campus of Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from October 2024 to March 2025 were prospectively enrolled.Among them,6 patients did not undergo contrast-enhanced examination,and the remaining 59 patients completed the scanning of all sequences.Each patient underwent traditional manual positioning and EasyScan automatic positioning scans both before and after contrast enhancement.The efficacy of the three positioning scenarios was comprehensively evaluated by comparing the following indicators:the angle between the positioning lines of each plane and the anatomical reference lines(objectively measured),subjective image scores,cardiac function parameters[including left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular stroke volume(LVSV),left ventricular mass(LVmass)],and scanning time.Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between the two positioning methods,while Bland-Altman analysis and the intraclass correlation coefficient were applied for consistency evaluation.Results After contrast agent injection,the scanning time for EasyScan automatic positioning was significantly shorter than that for traditional manual positioning[(70.68±22.35)s vs(288.24±77.03)s,P<0.001].Angle measurements showed no statistically significant differences in the angles of the two-chamber view,four-chamber view,and short-axis plane between EasyScan automatic positioning and traditional manual positioning after contrast agent injection(P>0.05).Bland-Altman analysis indicated that all these data points fell within the 95%confidence interval(95%CI).Analysis of short-axis cine images revealed no statistically significant differences in LVEF,LVEDV,LVESV,LVSV,and LVmass between EasyScan automatic positioning and traditional manual positioning after contrast agent injection(P>0.05),and the Spearman correlation coefficients were all higher than 0.78.Conclusion The EasyScan automatic positioning technology demonstrates accuracy and consistency comparable to traditional manual positioning both before and after contrast agent injection,while significantly shortening the scanning time.It can improve the efficiency of clinical CMR examinations and reduce the burden of patient cooperation.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of glycine subgingival air polishing in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and periodontitis and its effects on plaque index(PLI)and the levels of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid.Methods From June 2023 to December 2024,80 patients with T2DM and periodontitis diagnosed and treated at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were selected and divided into a conventional group and an air polishing group using a simple randomization method(random number table),with 40 cases in each group.The conventional group received traditional ultrasonic scaling combined with manual subgingival scaling and root planing,while the air polishing group received glycine subgingival air polishing.Taking 1 month after initial periodontal therapy as the baseline,bleeding index(BI),probing depth(PD),PLI,and masticatory function(bite force,masticatory efficiency)were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 1,3,and 6 months of maintenance therapy.Glycemic and lipid parameters[glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),fasting blood glucose(FPG)]and gingival crevicular fluid inflammatory factors[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6)]were compared at baseline and at 1 month of maintenance therapy.Results Compared with baseline,BI,PD,and PLI in both groups decreased significantly at 1,3,and 6 months of maintenance therapy(P<0.05),and all were significantly lower in the air polishing group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Compared with baseline,bite force and masticatory efficiency in both groups increased significantly at 1,3,and 6 months of maintenance therapy(P<0.05),and both were significantly higher in the air polishing group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).At 1 month of maintenance therapy,the levels of HbA1c,TG,TC,FPG,TNF-α,CRP,and IL-6 decreased significantly in both groups(P<0.05),and all were lower in the air polishing group than in the conventional group(P<0.05).Conclusion Glycine subgingival air polishing can effectively treat periodontitis in patients with T2DM,improve periodontal health and masticatory function,reduce blood glucose and lipid levels,and alleviate gingival inflammatory response.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the influencing factors of chronic pain after surgery in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 107 OVCF patients who underwent surgery at Huai'an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from March 2022 to January 2025.The patients were divided into a pain group(n=28)and a pain-free group(n=79)based on the occurrence of chronic pain after surgery.Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of chronic pain after surgery in OVCF patients.Results The visual analogue scale for pain(VAS)score of the 107 OVCF patients at the last postoperative follow-up was 3.77±0.69.During the follow-up period,26.17%(28/107)of the patients developed chronic pain.Univariate analysis showed that the pain group had a significantly higher proportion of patients with fracture segments≥2,bone cement leakage,and fascia injury,as well as a significantly higher bone cement injection volume,compared to the pain-free group.The bone mineral density value,postoperative vertebral height recovery rate,and Cobb angle correction degree were significantly lower in the pain group(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that bone cement leakage(OR=1.740),fascia injury(OR=2.625),increased bone cement injection volume(OR=2.423),low postoperative vertebral height recovery rate(OR=3.762),and low Cobb angle correction degree(OR=2.779)were independent risk factors for chronic pain after OVCF surgery,while a higher bone mineral density value(OR=0.520)was an independent protective factor(all P<0.05).Conclusion Some patients still develop chronic pain after OVCF surgery,which is influenced by multiple factors.Clinical medical staff need to focus on the chronic pain status of patients after surgery and are advised to formulate targeted intervention measures based on the influencing factors to improve postoperative recovery.

Abstract:Ferroptosis,officially named as an iron-dependent programmed cell death pattern in 2012,is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation and the inactivation of antioxidant defense system,which is fundamentally different from traditional cell death patterns such as apoptosis and necrosis.As one of the most common malignancies of the female reproductive system worldwide,cervical cancer accounts for over 661 000 new cases each year.Patients with intermediate and advanced-stage disease face severe challenges including tumor recurrence,drug resistance,and poor prognosis.Recent studies have established that dysregulated ferroptosis plays a critical role in the development and progression of cervical cancer.Elucidating the related molecular mechanisms offers important targets for novel therapeutic strategies.This article systematically reviews the core regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis,examines its specific regulatory mechanisms in cervical cancer,and summarizes recent advances,current challenges,and future directions in targeting ferroptosis for cervical cancer treatment.The aim is to provide new insights and a theoretical foundation for the clinical treatment of cervical cancer.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of transvaginal ultrasound in pernicious placenta previa(PPP)with placenta accreta.Methods A total of 116 patients who underwent cesarean section and were diagnosed with PPP at Baoding No.2 Hospital from April 2017 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects.All received transvaginal ultrasound to determine placenta accreta.Based on intraoperative findings and postoperative pathological results as the gold standard,patients were divided into a placenta accreta group(n=73)and a non-placenta accreta group(n=43).The diagnostic efficacy of transabdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound for PPP with placenta accreta was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Results Among the 116 patients,73(62.93%)had placenta accreta,including 28(24.14%)with placenta accreta,33(28.45%)with placenta increta,and 12(10.34%)with placenta percreta;43(37.07%)patients had no placenta accreta.The differences in parity and number of previous cesarean deliveries between the placenta accreta group and the non-placenta accreta group were statistically significant(P<0.05).Using the gold standard as reference,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of transabdominal ultrasound for diagnosing PPP with placenta accreta were 84.93%,74.42%,81.03%,84.93%,and 74.42%,respectively(Kappa=0.594).The corresponding values for transvaginal ultrasound were 89.04%,90.70%,89.66%,94.20%,and 82.98%(Kappa=0.782).The specificity of transvaginal ultrasound was higher than that of transabdominal ultrasound(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve for transabdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound were 0.797(95%CI:0.712-0.866)and 0.899(95%CI:0.829-0.947),respectively,with a statistically significant difference(Z=3.311,P<0.001).Analysis of ultrasound images from 65 patients with PPP and placenta accreta diagnosed consistently by both transvaginal ultrasound and the gold standard revealed that all cases showed interruption(or disappearance)and thinning of the myometrium at the placental attachment site;78.46%(51/65)showed abnormally abundant blood flow signals behind the placenta;and 81.54%(53/65)showed an ill-defined retroplacental clear space.Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasound has good diagnostic value in patients with PPP and placenta accreta and can be used as an auxiliary method for prenatal diagnosis in clinical practice.

Abstract:Objective To explore the value of ultrasound combined with mammography radiomics in the diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis(ALNM)of breast cancer.Methods A total of 160 breast cancer patients admitted to Nanyang Central Hospital from May 2022 to May 2024 were selected.All patients underwent ultrasound examination and mammography radiomics diagnosis.The mammography radiomics model was constructed mainly by extracting radiomics features from each region of interest using the"PyRadiomics"package in the 3D Slicer software,followed by Min-Max normalization.Using pathological examination findings as the gold standard,all patients were divided into a metastasis group(95 cases)and a non-metastasis group(65 cases).The efficacy of ultrasound combined with mammographic radiomics in diagnosing ALNM in breast cancer was analyzed,and ultrasound features and parameters were compared between the metastasis and non-metastasis groups.Results Pathological examination identified 95 positive and 65 negative ALNM cases.Ultrasound detected 94 positive cases,with 13 missed diagnoses and 12 misdiagnoses;mammography radiomics detected 96 positive cases,with 9 missed diagnoses and 10 misdiagnoses;ultrasound combined with mammography radiomics detected 107 positive cases,with 2 missed diagnoses and 14 misdiagnoses.The sensitivity of ultrasound combined with mammography radiomics in diagnosing ALNM in breast cancer was higher than that of ultrasound or mammography radiomics alone(all P<0.05).The proportions of patients with irregular morphology,heterogeneous echogenicity,spiculation sign,mixed blood flow distribution,and Adler blood flow signal grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ in the metastasis group were all higher than those in the non-metastasis group(all P<0.05).The maximum blood flow velocity and resistance index in the metastasis group were also higher than those in the non-metastasis group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound combined with mammography radiomics shows improved efficacy in diagnosing ALNM in breast cancer.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the clinical value of systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)in predicting the natural outcome of disease in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HPV)infection.Methods A total of 204 patients with high-risk HPV infection who were diagnosed and completed one-year follow-up at Affiliated Baoji Hospital of Xi'an Medical University,from December 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively included.According to the follow-up outcome,they were divided into the clearance group(142 cases)and the persistent positive group(62 cases).After admission,all patients were tested for platelet count(PLT),neutrophil count(NEUT),lymphocyte count(LYMPH)and other indicators.The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and SII were calculated.General data and blood test-related indicators were analyzed and compared between groups.The value of SII in predicting the natural outcome of high-risk HPV infection was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze independent factors influencing the natural outcome of high-risk HPV infection.Results The proportion of vaginal microecological abnormalities,high-risk HPV viral load,and peripheral blood levels of PLT,NEUT,NLR,and SII in the persistent positive group were higher than those in the clearance group,while the level of LYMPH was lower(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve(95%CI)of PLT,NLR,and SII for predicting the natural outcome of high-risk HPV infection were 0.733(0.683-0.783),0.848(0.798-0.898),and 0.901(0.851-0.951),respectively.The De-Long test results indicated that the predictive performance of SII was significantly superior to that of PLT(Z=4.654,P<0.05)and NLR(Z=1.468,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that vaginal microecological abnormalities(OR=2.333),elevated high-risk HPV viral load(OR=1.384),and elevated SII(OR=2.724)were independent risk factors for persistent positivity in patients with high-risk HPV infection(P<0.05).Conclusion A significantly elevated SII is an independent risk factor for persistent positivity within one year in patients with high-risk HPV infection and can serve as a comprehensive biomarker for predicting the natural outcome of the disease.Using 1 464.76 as the cutoff value provides the best balanced performance for predicting persistent positivity,offering a specific and quantifiable reference for clinical risk assessment.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the application effect of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery(ERAS)in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the highfat and highprotein dietary region of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province.Methods A total of 120 patients with gallstones who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Linxia County People's Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a study group,with 60 patients in each group.The control group received conventional perioperative care,while the study group received care based on the ERAS concept tailored to the individual patient.The two groups were compared in terms of operative time,intraoperative blood loss,intraoperative fluid input volume,incidence of intraoperative hypotension,rate of vasoactive drug use,time to first liquid diet intake,time to first ambulation,time to first flatus,postoperative hospital stay,incidence of complications,and visual analogue scale(VAS)pain score at 8 hours after surgery.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss,fluid input volume,or operative time(P>0.05).The study group had a lower incidence of intraoperative hypotension and a lower rate of vasoactive drug use compared with the control group(P<0.05).The study group showed shorter postoperative hospital stay,earlier time to first flatus,earlier time to first liquid diet intake,and earlier time to first ambulation than the control group(P<0.05),and the VAS score at 8 hours after surgery was lower in the study group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the study group(10.00%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(36.67%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Implementing ERAS management for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the highfat and highprotein dietary region of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province,can reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypotension and the use of vasoactive drugs,alleviate early postoperative pain,promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function and early ambulation,lower the incidence of complications,and shorten hospital stay,demonstrating favorable clinical application value.

Abstract:Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1(POU5F1)and pre-B-cell leukemia homeobox transcription factor 1(PBX1)in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)tissues and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients.Methods A total of 102 patients with DLBCL admitted to Nanjing First Hospital from March 2019 to February 2022 were selected as the research subjects.DLBCL tissues and adjacent tissues obtained surgically were designated as the DLBCL group and the adjacent tissue group,respectively.The expression of POU5F1 and PBX1 was detected by immunohistochemistry.Clinicopathological data of the patients were collected,and the relationship between POU5F1/PBX1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of DLBCL patients was analyzed using the χ2 test.All patients were followed up for 3 years and were divided into a survival group(71 cases)and a death group(31 cases)based on their survival status at the end of follow-up.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the factors influencing the prognosis of DLBCL patients.Results The positive expression rates of POU5F1 and PBX1 in the DLBCL group were higher than those in the adjacent tissue group(P<0.05).DLBCL patients with clinical stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ,bone marrow infiltration,or extranodal involvement≥2 had higher positive expression rates of POU5F1 and PBX1 than patients with clinical stageⅠ-Ⅱ,no bone marrow infiltration,or extranodal involvement<2(P<0.05).The positive expression rates of POU5F1 and PBX1 in the death group were higher than those in the survival group(P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that bone marrow infiltration(HR=2.250,95%CI:1.544-3.278),extranodal involvement≥2(HR=2.330,95%CI:1.590-3.415),positive expression of POU5F1(HR=2.804,95%CI:1.854-4.240),and positive expression of PBX1(HR=2.465,95%CI:1.662-3.655)were risk factors for death in DLBCL patients(P<0.05).Conclusion POU5F1 and PBX1 are aberrantly highly expressed in DLBCL tissues.Their expression is associated with clinical stage,bone marrow infiltration,and the number of extranodal involvement sites,and they may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers for DLBCL patients.

Abstract:Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide,which is characterized by insidious onset,difficult early diagnosis,rapid progression and high metastasis and recurrence rates,and it seriously threatens the life and health of patients.With the development of liquid biopsy technology in recent years,exosomes,a key medium for intercellular communication,have shown great potential in the field of tumor diagnosis.Among them,long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)has attracted much attention due to its significant role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression.More and more studies have shown that exosomal lncRNA can participate in malignant biological processes such as the occurrence,development,proliferation,invasion,and chemotherapy resistance of gastric cancer by regulating downstream target genes and related signaling pathways.Meanwhile,due to the stable existence and easy detection of exosomal lncRNA in body fluids,it has become a highly promising new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer.Therefore,this study aims to systematically integrate research on the diagnostic value and molecular mechanism of exosomal lncRNA,and to comprehensively review the role of exosomal lncRNA in the onset and progression of gastric cancer.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the influencing factors of frailty and prognosis in elderly patients with heart failure(HF).Methods A total of 160 elderly patients with HF admitted to Mianyang Central Hospital were conveniently enrolled as the research subjects between March 2023 and August 2024.According to the evaluation results of the Fried frailty phenotype,they were divided into the frailty group(89 cases)and the non-frailty group(71 cases).General data were compared between the two groups.Independent risk factors for frailty were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.After 12 months of follow-up,the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)was compared between the two groups.Results Age,proportion of New York Heart Association(NYHA)functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ,levels of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the frailty group were significantly higher than those in the non-frailty group(P<0.05),while levels of hemoglobin and albumin(Alb),estimated glomerular filtration rate,and distance in the 6-minute walk test were significantly lower than those in the non-frailty group(P<0.05).Advanced age,NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ,and low Alb level were independent risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with HF(P<0.05).During follow-up,the incidence of MACE in the frailty group(41.57%)was significantly higher than that in the non-frailty group(16.90%)(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of frailty is high among elderly patients with HF.Advanced age,NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ,and low Alb level are independent risk factors for frailty in elderly patients with HF,all of which have adverse effects on prognosis.

Abstract:Objective To investigate the efficacy of pimecrolimus in treating children with mild to moderate atopic dermatitis(AD)and its influence on the T helper 17 cells(TH17)/regulatory T cells(Treg)balance.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 150 children with mild to moderate AD admitted to Sichuan Jinxin Xinan Women and Children's Hospital from June 2024 to June 2025.The patients were divided into two groups based on different treatment methods:78 children in the control group received basic treatment plus hydrocortisone butyrate cream,and 72 children in the study group received basic treatment plus 1%pimecrolimus cream.The efficacy,adverse reactions,and changes in clinical symptom scores and immunological indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total clinical effective rate of the study group was 94.44%,significantly higher than that of the control group(83.33%)(P<0.05).After treatment,the improvements in scoring atopic dermatitis,eczema area and severity index,and pruritus visual analogue scale scores in the study group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the improvements in the proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells,the Th17/Treg ratio,the proportion of Treg cells,and the levels of IL-17 and IL-10 in the study group were also significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions in the study group(9.72%)was significantly lower than that in the control group(21.79%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Pimecrolimus has a good clinical effect in the treatment of children with mild to moderate AD,effectively improving clinical symptoms such as pruritus and skin lesions,correcting Th17/Treg imbalance,and shows high safety.

Abstract:Objective To construct a risk prediction model and nomogram for intraoperative hypothermia in transurethral resection of the prostate.Methods A total of 203 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate at Minhang Central Hospital in Shanghai and Jiangsu Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to June 2025 were selected.Patients were divided into a hypothermia group(n=51)and a normothermia group(n=152)based on the occurrence of intraoperative hypothermia.Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of intraoperative hypothermia during transurethral resection of the prostate.A nomogram was constructed,and the predictive value of the nomogram model for intraoperative hypothermia was evaluated using the ROC curve.Results The hypothermia group had higher age,longer operation time,and longer anesthesia time compared to the normothermia group.The proportions of patients with BMI<18.5 kg/m²,preoperative anemia,preoperative hypoproteinemia,intraoperative blood loss≥400 mL,total irrigation fluid volume≥15 L,irrigation fluid temperature<34 ℃,intraoperative fluid infusion volume≥1 500 mL,and prostate weight≥80 g were all greater in the hypothermia group than in the normothermia group,while the proportion of patients receiving intraoperative warming measures was lower(P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that advanced age(OR=1.582,95%CI:1.268-1.975),BMI<18.5 kg/m²(OR=2.396,95%CI:1.457-3.943),increased anesthesia time(OR=1.415,95%CI:1.149-1.742),and total irrigation fluid volume≥15 L(OR=3.010,95%CI:1.415-6.402)were independent risk factors for intraoperative hypothermia(P<0.05),while the use of intraoperative warming measures(OR=0.347,95%CI:0.182-0.665)was an independent protective factor(P<0.05).The nomogram model showed a consistency index of 0.884(95%CI:0.834-0.936).The area under the curve(95%CI)of the nomogram model for predicting intraoperative hypothermia was 0.878(0.826-0.925),with a specificity of 67.76%and a sensitivity of 92.16%.Conclusion Age,BMI,anesthesia time,total irrigation fluid volume,and the use of intraoperative warming measures are influencing factors for intraoperative hypothermia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.The constructed nomogram model has high predictive value for intraoperative hypothermia.

Abstract:Objective To explore the effect of vitrectomy(PPV)combined with internal limiting membrane peeling(ILMP)on visual acuity and macular edema in patients with refractory diabetic macular edema(DME).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 185 patients with refractory DME admitted to Meishan People's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2025.Based on the treatment methods in the data,they were divided into a control group(n=91)and a combined group(n=94).The control group received PPV alone,and the combined group received PPV combined with ILMP.Best corrected visual acuity,central macular thickness(CMT),severity of macular edema at 6 months postoperatively,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The logMAR values and CMT in both groups at 1,3,and 6 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery(P<0.05),and they showed a continuous downward trend over time(P<0.05).The logMAR values of the combined group at 1,3,and 6 months after surgery were significantly lower than those of the control group at the same time points(P<0.05).The distribution of macular edema severity grades in the combined group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05),with milder edema in the combined group.Within 6 months after surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the combined group and the control group(6.38%vs 9.89%,P>0.05).Conclusion PPV combined with ILMP is more effective than PPV alone in treating refractory DME.It can not only effectively improve visual function but also reduce the degree of macular edema,with a favorable safety profile.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the efficacy of 4D digital orthoptics combined with conventional therapy for anisometropic amblyopia in children and its impact on visual acuity and accommodative function of the amblyopic eye.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 150 children with anisometropic amblyopia admitted to Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital)from October 2021 to November 2024.The patients were divided into the combined group(76 cases)and the control group(74 cases).The control group was treated with conventional therapy,while the combined group was treated with 4D digital orthoptics combined with conventional therapy.The clinical efficacy,the rate of abnormal stereoscopic vision turning normal,and the best corrected visual acuity,refractive error,and accommodative function(accommodative amplitude,accommodative facility,and accommodative lag)before and after treatment were compared.Results The total effective rate in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the control group(94.74%vs 83.78%,P<0.05).After treatment,the rate of abnormal stereoscopic vision turning normal in the combined group was significantly higher than that in the control group(85.53%vs 56.76%,P<0.05).After treatment,the best corrected visual acuity of children in both groups significantly increased,and the spherical equivalent refraction significantly decreased,with the combined group showing better outcomes in these indicators than the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the accommodative amplitude and accommodative facility of children in both groups significantly increased,and the accommodative lag significantly decreased,with the combined group demonstrating superior results in these parameters compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion 4D digital orthoptics combined with conventional therapy shows significant clinical efficacy in children with anisometropic amblyopia.It not only effectively improves the visual acuity of the amblyopic eye but also enhances the accommodative function of the amblyopic eye,indicating certain clinical application value.

Abstract:Objective To analyze the efficacy of the"three-step method"versus traditional ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy(UHLL)in the treatment of ureteral calculi.Methods A total of 204 patients with ureteral calculi admitted to the Department of Urology,South Campus of Fengxian District Central Hospital,Shanghai from July 2022 to January 2025 were prospectively selected and divided into a control group(108 cases)and a study group(96 cases)according to the surgical method.The control group was treated with traditional UHLL,while the study group was treated with the"three-step method"using an occlusion catheter,holmium laser,and stone extraction basket.Perioperative indicators,stone escape rate,stone clearance rate,complications,and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results In the study group,operation time,intraoperative blood loss,urinary catheter removal time,double-J stent removal time,and hospital stay were significantly lower/shorter than those in the control group[(22.85±3.06)min vs(26.33±3.47)min,P<0.001;(24.62±3.22)mL vs(27.04±3.91)mL,P<0.001;(3.14±0.52)d vs(4.96±1.05)d,P<0.001;(18.11±2.87)d vs(24.83±3.22)d,P<0.001;(5.36±1.25)d vs(6.92±1.46)d,P<0.001].The stone escape rate in the study group was lower than that in the control group,while the stone clearance rates at 1,2,and 3 months after surgery were higher(P<0.05).The complication incidence and recurrence rate in the study group were 6.25%and 4.17%,respectively,lower than the 15.74%and 12.04%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with traditional UHLL,the"three-step method"of occlusion catheter,holmium laser,and stone extraction basket can shorten operation and recovery time,reduce stone escape,improve stone clearance rate,and lower the risk of postoperative complications and recurrence in patients with ureteral calculi.