Abstract:Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect of modified Bushen Huoxue Decoction(补肾活血汤)combined with thunder fire moxibustion on osteoporosis(OP)of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type,and to provide references for traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical prevention and treatment of OP.Methods:Eighty OP patients of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,40 patients in each group,using a random number table.The control group received conventional western medicine,while the observation group received additional Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with thunder fire moxibustion alongside western medicine.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated after 8 weeks of treatment.Changes of TCM symptom scores before and after treatment were recorded.Bone mineral density(BMD)of lumbar vertebrae L4 and L5,femur,and tibia were measured using dual-energy X-ray bone densitometer.Pain intensity,lumbar and back function,and quality of life were assessed using visual analogue scale(VAS),Oswestry disability index(ODI)and 36-Item Short Form Survey(SF-36),respectively.Serum levels of bone γ-carboxyglutamate protein(BGP),β-collagen degradation product(β-CTX)and type Ⅰ procollagen amino terminal elongation peptide(PINP)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results:There were no statistical differences between the observation group and the control group at baseline(P＞0.05).After 8 weeks of treatment,the observation group showed lower TCM symptom scores,VAS and ODI scores,as well as serum β-CTX levels(P＜0.05)compared to before treatment.BMD levels,quality of life score and levels of serum BGP and PINP significantly increased compared to baseline(P＜0.05).Compared to the control group,the observation group had a significantly higher total effective rate(P＜0.05).Additionally,the observation group exhibited significantly lower TCM symptom scores,VAS and ODI scores,and serum β-CTX levels,while BMD levels,quality of life scores and levels of serum BGP and PINP were significantly higher(P＜0.05).Conclusions:Modified Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with thunder fire moxibustion has a good therapeutic effect on OP patients of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type by increasing bone density,alleviating pain,and improving quality of life.The therapeutic mechanism may involve the regulation of bone metabolism levels in patients.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the rules of acupuncture and moxibustion prescription in the treatment of prostate cancer in the literature,in order to provide clinical references.Methods:Acupuncture prescriptions recorded in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System,Chinese Academy of Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine Folk Single Test Formula Database,SinoMed,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase and Cochrane Library were searched up from establishment of those database to July 1,2023.Data mining software was used to analyze the selection patterns of acupoints.Results:A total of 55 acupuncture prescriptions to treat prostate cancer were included,involving 56 acupoints.The high frequency acupoints include Guanyuan(CV4),Qihai(CV6),Shenshu(BL23),Tai-chong(LR3),Yinlingquan(SP9),and others.A total of 20 core acupoint combinations were obtained by association regularity analysis,with the most core combination was Qihai-Guanyuan.Conclusions:Through data mining of acupuncture and moxibustion points used in the treatment of prostate cancer in modern Chinese medicine,the matching regularities of acupoints were summarized.It was found that most of these points are located on the foot shaoyin kidney channel,foot jueyin liver channel,foot taiyang bladder channel,conception vessel,and foot taiyin spleen channel,indicating that prostate cancer is related to the kidney,bladder,liver,and spleen.The treatment primarily aims to tonify deficiencies,especially those of the spleen and kidney,aligning with the pathogenesis of original deficiency and insufficiency,and providing significant reference for the current treatment of prostate cancer.

Abstract:Postoperative swelling after knee arthroscopy can be categorized as"paralysis"in traditional Chinese medicine.Prof.WANG Shaoshan holds that after knee joint injury,the patient's limbs are forbidden to movement,coupled with the trauma caused by the surgical process,and therefore blood stasis and water dampness block the meridians and channels of the human body throughout the disease course.The disease mechanism mainly involves qi stagnation and blood stasis,internal accumulation of water dampness,qi deficiency and blood stasis,and deficiency of liver and kidneys.Prof.Wang's formula for treating postoperative swelling after knee arthroscopy is based on the modification of Wupi Wuteng Decoction(五皮五藤饮),which consists of six Chinese medicinals,namely,the Sangbaipi(Cortex Mori),Dongguapi(Exocarpium Benincasae),Mudanpi(Cortex Moutan),Fulingpi(Cutis Poriae),Rendongteng(Caulis Lonicerae Japonicae),and Qingfengteng(Caulis Sinomenii).Pi medicinals and Teng medicinals are applied in combination.Pi medicinals could work on the skin while the Teng medicinals unblock collaterals.They work together to remove the stasis and stagnation internally and externally.In clinical practice,the formula can be modified based on the specific type of swelling observed after knee arthroscopy.

Abstract:Recent studies have shown that there is a relationship between gastrointestinal microbiota imbalance and gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.Chinese medicinals can affect the gastrointestinal barrier,immune system and overall body metabolism by changing the composition and structure of gastrointestinal microbiota and endogenous metabolite level,thus playing an anti-tumor role.In addition,the intestinal microbiota work on components in Chinese medicinals and enhance the anti-tumor properties.Therefore,exploring the interaction between Chinese medicinals and gastrointestinal microbiota provides a new perspective for understanding the anti-tumor mechanism of Chinese medicinals.In this paper the relationship between intervention by Chinese medicinals on gastrointestinal microbiota and the development of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions in recent years was reviewed so as to provide references for the future application of Chinese medicinals in the treatment of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.The references cite 54 research papers.

Abstract:Pulmonary fibrosis(PF)is a chronic,progressive,and irreversible lung disease.Based on the theory of"stasis and toxicity",this paper takes neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)as the breakthrough point,discusses the role of NETs in the occurrence and development of PF from the aspects that NETs can contribute to angiogenesis,enhance coagulation,promote thrombosis,drive epithelial injury,stimulate fibroblast activation,and activate inflammatory responses,and summarizes the key pathogenesis of NETs in the theory of"stasis and toxicity"and explore the role of NETs in the pathogenesis of PF,with a prospect of providing novel insights for the prevention and treatment of PF.

Abstract:The six meridians qi transformation disorder includes the theory of"targetting the root causes","targetting the manifestation"and"targetting the medial qi".The six meridians qi transformation in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases applies the theory of manifestation,root cause and medial qi to analyze the common state and changes of the six meridians and six qi diseases,so as to guide the clinical treatment.Insomnia is a common clinical sleep disorder,this paper explores the differentiation and treatment of insomnia from the perspective of manifestation,root cause and medial qi in six meridians qi transformation disorder,and expounds the physiological interaction and pathological interaction of manifestation,root cause and medial qi in six meridians qi transformation disorder.On this basis,it further analyzes the methods and prescription in the treatment of insomnia from the perspective of the six meridians qi transformation disorder,with a prospect of providing new ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Abstract:Chronic renal failure is a syndrome characterized by turbidity and toxin retention,metabolic imbalance and dysfunction of various systems throughout the boby.The theory of qi circulation comes from Four Sages'Heart Source,with four dimensions as the pivot,emphasizing the cultivation of healthy middle-earth,the restoration of qi ascending and descending movement,the ascending of wood fire facial left,the descending of gold water on the right,as the circle of dragon and tiger,which plays an important role in the treatment of chronic renal failure.Based on the theory of"qi circulation",this paper discusses the significance of treating chronic renal failure from the spleen and stomach,and provides a new therapeutic idea for the clinical treatment of chronic renal failure by multi-method of strengthening the middle jiao,regulating the ascending and descending of qi,dispelling the evil and clearing the fu-organs,removing the water and reducing swelling.At the same time,this is also the embodiment of the concept of prevention of diseases and preventing changes in existing diseases.

Abstract:"Unity of form and spirit"is the core concept of traditional Chinese medicine,and it is also an important view of life advocated by traditional Chinese medicine.Form and spirit are inherently integrated,they depend on each other physiologically and impact each other pathologically.Qi is the communication between form and spirit,and the normal circulation of qi is an important condition for the unity of form and spirit.Anxiety state combined with enuresis is a state of physical and mental illness.The paper summarizes the core pathological changes of anxiety state combined with enuresis as the form fails to nourish the spirit,the disturbance of the spirit and qi,and spirit fails to regulate the form.This paper discusses the diagnosis and treatment of a case of anxiety state complicated with enuresis in children from the perspective of the unity of form and spirit,and puts forward the principle of tonifying the kidney and stopping the sequelae as the symptomatic principle,tonifying spleen and kidney to regulate Chong and Ren channels and tonifying qi and blood as the fundamental principle,which has remarkable curative effect,with a prospect of providing reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such psychosomatic diseases.

Abstract:The detection rate of pulmonary nodules has been increasing annually,posing a severe challenge to public health.Early diagnosis and intervention have become critical in the clinical management.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has demonstrated advantages in delaying the progression of pulmonary nodules and alleviating patients' anxiety in the early intervention of pulmonary nodules.In traditional Chinese medicine,pulmonary nodules are classified into excess syndrome,deficiency syndrome,and com-bined deficiency and excess syndrome.Among them,common excess syndromes include phlegm and tur-bidity obstructing the lungs,blood stasis obstructing the pulmonary collaterals,and the intermingling of phlegm and blood stasis.Deficiency syndromes are primarily characterized by lung qi deficiency,lung qi and yin deficiency,lung-spleen qi deficiency,etc.Combined deficiency-excess syndromes include qi deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome,qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,lung deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome,etc.The patients' constitution is often characterized by phlegm-dampness,qi deficiency,yin deficiency and qi stagnation.Clinically,corresponding treatment strategies are selected based on the patients' syndrome type and constitution,following the principle of supporting the body's healthy qi and eliminating pathogenic factors,and good therapeutic effects have been achieved.External treatment methods such as acupoint application,bloodstabbing at the back-shu acupoints,and acupuncture therapy can contribute to enhancing clinical efficacy to some extent.However,current clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of TCM in treating pulmonary nodules remains insufficient.This paper collects relevant studies to compre-hensively explore TCM treatment approaches for pulmonary nodules from the perspectives of etiology,patho-genesis,syndrome differentiation,and constitutional characteristics,with a prospect of providing a scientific basis for the clinical prevention and treatment of pulmonary nodules.There are 83 references.

Abstract:Intrahepatic cholestasis is a common liver system disease.The imbalance of the bile acid-intestinal microbiota axis is closely related to the occurrence and development of intrahepatic cholestasis."Earth congestion and wood stagnation"is a pathological process in which the spleen earth is obstructed and counterattacks the liver wood,leading to the stagnation of liver wood.It plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis.Intestinal microecological disorder and bile acid metabolism disorder are important manifestations of"earth congestion and wood stagnation".This article explores the relationship among"earth congestion and wood stagnation",bile acid-intestinal microbiota axis imbalance,and intrahepatic cholestasis,and proposes that the bile acid-intestinal microbiota axis can be intervened based on the"earth congestion and wood stagnation"theory to prevent and treat intrahepatic cholestasis,which provides a new idea for the integrated prevention and treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis with traditional Chinese and Western medicine.

Abstract:Stomach wind is caused by external wind entering the stomach,stomach heat generating wind or liver yang transforming into wind.It is characterized by deficiency of the spleen and stomach as the root cause and wind pathogen disturbing the stomach as the symptom.It presents as a syndrome of mixed deficiency and excess,mainly manifested as digestive tract symptoms such as upper abdominal distension and pain,diarrhea and constipation.Based on the theory of stomach wind,this paper holds that the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome is mainly due to external wind pathogen invasion or internal wind disturbance,which leads to damage of the stomach and its function and dysfunction of the gastrointestinal ascending and descending movements.In clinical treatment,wind medicinals are used in combination to achieve the effects of strengthening spleen and eliminating wind,moistening and dispersing wind,and dispersing liver to eliminate wind,in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine.

Abstract:Objective:To analyze the characteristics of the dominant population in the treatment of prostate cancer castration syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and observe the clinical efficacy of the Jianpi Yishen Formula(健脾益肾方).Methods:This study adopts a two-stage design.The first stage is a observational study.A total of 380 patients with prostate cancer castration syndrome were selected and treated with TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for 4 weeks.The changes in the prostate cancer quality of life(FACT-P)score and the characteristics of TCM syndrome types of the patients before and after treatment were observed.According to the FACT-P scores before treatment,the patients were divided into three groups:Group(70,90],Group(90,110]and Group(110,130].The second stage is a randomized double-blind controlled trial.120 patients who met the characteristics of the dominant population for TCM treatment were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.On the basis of castration treatment,the observation group was given the Jianpi Yishen Formula and the control group was given a placebo.The treatment course for both was 4 weeks.The FACT-P scores,TCM syndrome scores,and levels of testosterone and prostate-specific antigen(PSA)of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed and compared.Results:A total of 374 patients completed the study in the first stage.After treatment,the FACT-P scores of the 374 patients as a whole and in the(90,110]group increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01),and the difference in the improvement range of FACT-P scores among the three groups was statistically significant(P＜0.01).The improvement range of the(90,110]group was higher than that of the other two groups(all P＜0.01).According to the analysis of TCM syndrome types,patients with deficiency of both spleen and kidney account for 46.0％,which is higher than that of other syndrome types.The second-stage study showed that the FACT-P scores of observation groups increased after treatment compared with those before treatment,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P＜0.05).The TCM syndrome score of the observation group was lower than that before treatment and was also lower than that of the control group after treatment(P＜0.05),and the therapeutic effect of TCM syndrome was better than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of testosterone and PSA between the two groups of patients compared with those before treatment(P＞0.05),and the castration levels were maintained.Conclusions:The FACT-P scores of patients with prostate cancer castration syndrome in the(90,110]range are the dominant population for TCM treatment,and spleen and kidney deficiency is the characteristic syndrome of TCM in this population.Jianpi Yishen Formula has a good therapeutic effect on prostate cancer castration syndrome.

Abstract:When the collateral vessels are normal,they flow smoothly;when they change,disease occurs;when the diseased collaterals arise,the collateral disease is formed.Malignant tumors are typical collateral diseases,featuring long-term persistence,blood stasis(pain),stubbornness and complexity in the clinical characteristics of collateral diseases.Obstruction of the collaterals,endogenous generation of cancer toxins,and deficiency of the collaterals are the basic collateral-related pathogenesis of malignant tumors,running through all stages of their growth and metastasis.Tumor neovascularization is similar to collaterals(collateral diseases)in structure,function and pathogenesis.The formation of the collateralsis is often related to hyperactivity of the collaterals,proliferation of diseased collaterals,tortuosity and disorder,stasis of the collaterals,deficiency of the collaterals and instability of the collateral qi.The therapeutic methods should have different focuses at different stages,such as eliminating pathogenic factors and detoxifying,calming hyperactivity and inhibiting the collaterals,promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,dispersing stagnation and dredging the collateral,or tonifying qi and consolidating the collaterals,nourishing the collaterals.Based on the perspective of the theory of collateral diseases and in combination with modern oncology research,this paper explores the growth and metastasis mechanism of malignant tumors as well as the clinical strategies.It holds that both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine should be involved throughout the process to form a lasting synergy and jointly achieve the goals of reducing toxicity and increasing efficacy,improving the quality of life,and prolonging the survival period of patients.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the efficacy of Shenling Baizhu Decoction(参苓白术汤)combined with continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)in treating patients with sepsis of spleen deficiency and dampness-excess type accompanied by acute kidney injury(AKI).Methods:A total of 80 patients with sepsis of spleen deficiency and dampness-excess type accompanied by AKI were selected and divided into a control group and an observation group by using random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.Patients in the control group underwent CRRT,while the observation group was treated with Shenling Baizhu Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE-Ⅱ)score,sepsis-related organ failure assessment(SOFA)score,inflammatory indicators(white blood cells,neutrophils,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,procalcitonin),renal function indicators[urea nitrogen(BUN),serum creatinine(Scr)],therapeutic effects of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome,and 7-day and 28-day mortality rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The APACHE-Ⅱ,SOFA,inflammatory indicators and renal function indicators of both groups of patients decreased compared with those before treatment.Moreover,the levels of APACHE-Ⅱ,BUN and Scr in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The therapeutic effect of TCM syndromes in the observation group was better than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the 7-day and 28-day mortality rates between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Shenling Baizhu Decoction can significantly alleviate the condition of sepsis with AKI and promote the recovery of renal function,but it does not show obvious improvement in inflammatory levels and prognosis in a short period of time.

Abstract:Objective:To explore the application effect of Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder(参苓白术散)combined with abdominal acupuncture catgut-embedding on patients with simple obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type.Methods:A total of 105 patients with simple obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the conventional group,the catgut-embedding group and the combination group by using the random number table method,with 35 cases in each group.The conventional group was given life guidance.On this basis,the catgut-embedding group was treated with abdominal acupuncture catgut-embedding,and the combination group was treated with abdominal acupuncture catgut-embedding combined with modified Shenling Baizhu Powder.The curative effects,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,changes in obesity signs[waist-hip ratio,body mass index(BMI)],intestinal flora(DNA counts of bifidobacterium,Bacteroides,Enterococcus),blood lipid levels[total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),triglycerides(TG)]and safety of the three groups were compared.Results:The therapeutic effect classification of the combination group was superior to that of the conventional group and the acupuncture embedding group(P＜0.05).The total effective rates of the combination group and the acupuncture embedding group were 94.29％and 82.86％,respectively,both of which were higher than that of the conventional group(60.00％)(P＜0.05).After the treatment,except for the number of intestinal flora DNA in the conventional group,the other indicators of the three groups were all improved compared with those before the treatment(P＜0.05).After treatment,the comparisons of waist-hip ratio,BMI,as well as the main symptoms,secondary symptoms and total score of TCM syndromes among the three groups showed that the combination group＜the catgut-embedding group＜the conventional group(P＜0.05).After treatment,the comparison of TC,TG and enterococcus DNA numbers showed that the combination group＜the catgut-embedding group＜the conventional group,and the comparison of HDL-C and Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium DNA numbers showed that the combination group＞the catgut-embedding group＞the conventional group(all P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion:Modified Shenling Baizhu Powder combined with abdominal acupuncture catgut-embedding has a reliable effective therapeutic effect on patients with simple obesity of spleen deficiency and dampness excess type.It can regulate the intestinal flora of patients,improve lipid metabolism,alleviate clinical signs of patients,and has high safety.

Abstract:Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)are DNA-protein complex reticular structures released by activated neutrophils.NETs promote the pathological progression of lung cancer by mediating the release of inflammatory factors,promoting tumor-associated thrombosis and disrupting the homeostasis of the microen-vironment.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)believes that blood stasis accumulates internally and leads to toxin generation on the basis of a deficiency of healthy qi,which subsequently induces pathological changes,and ultimately results in the interweaving of stasis and toxins,which is one of the core pathogenic mechanisms of lung cancer.The hypercoagulable state of blood and hemodynamic changes mediated by NETs can be analogized to the TCM pathogenesis of"obstruction of blood vessels due to blood stasis",while the NETs-induced release of inflammatory factors leading to malignant imbalance of the microenvironment corresponds to the"accumulation of pathogenic toxins"arising from"deficiency of healthy qi".These two processes are causally linked and mutually reinforcing,jointly forming the pathological state of"intermingled stasis and toxin".Focusing on lung cancer,this article integrates traditional Chinese theory with modern medical research,elaborates on the correlation between NETs and the TCM concepts of stasis and toxin,and summarizes the mechanisms by which Chinese medicine exerts anti-lung cancer effects through the inhibition of NETs formation,with a prospect of providing scientific support for the therapeutic rationale of Chinese medicine in lung cancer treatment.

Abstract:Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction(柴胡加龙骨牡蛎汤)combined with Sancai pricking method in the treatment of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome(ME/CFS)based on real-world evaluation.Methods:The diagnosis and treatment data of 400 patients with ME/CFS were collected and divided into the acupuncture group and the combination of acupuncture and medication group(combination group)according to the treatment methods.Patients in the acupuncture group were treated with Sancai pricking method,while those in the combination group were treated with oral administration of modified Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction on the basis of the Sancai pricking method.After 1∶1 propensity score matching(PSM),the baselines of the two groups were balanced and comparable.The fatigue scale-14(FS-14)score,the symptom checklist 90(SCL-90)score,fatigue syndrome mini-symptom score scale(SG)score,the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score,the improvement of clinical symptoms and safety of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared.Results:After correction by PSM,91 patients with baseline equilibrium in terms of age,gender,body mass index,disease duration,educational level,basic medical history,history of depression,smoking and drinking history,FS-14 score,SCL-90 score,SG score and TCM syndrome score were successfully matched in each group(P＞0.05).Compared with those before treatment,the FS-14 score,SG score and TCM syndrome score of both groups decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the SCL-90 score of the combination group decreased(P＜0.05)after treatment.In the intergroup comparison,after treatment,the FS-14 score,SCL-90 score and TCM syndrome score of the combination group were lower than those of the acupuncture group(P＜0.05).In terms of symptom improvement,after treatment,the incidence epigastric or hypochondriac pain,abdominal distension,general heaviness,fatigue and weakness,numbness or pain in limbs in the combination group was lower than that before treatment(P＜0.05),the incedence of abdominal distension,general heaviness,fatigue and weakness,numbness or pain in limbs in the combination group was lower than that in the acupuncture group(P＜0.05).After the treatment,no adverse reactions occurred in either group.Conclusion:Chaihu Jia Longgu Muli Decoction combined with Sancai pricking method has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of ME/CFS.It can effectively reduce the FS-14 score,SCL-90 score and TCM syndrome score,relieve clinical symptoms and has good safety.

Abstract:This paper introduces Professor SHI Bin's experience in the treatment of post-stroke dysarticulation and dysphagia with"Kaiyin Tongyan Acupuncture Method".Professor SHI Bin believes that post-stroke dysarticulation and dysphagia are manifested in the dysfunction of the tongue and pharynx.The location of the disease is in the brain,and the root cause lies in the lack of nourishment of the brain orifices,which leads to the loss of nourishment of the tongue and pharynx.In treatment,"Kaiyin Tongyan Acupuncture Method"is used to regulate the viscera,communicate the qi movement,awaken the brain and open the orifices,and achieve the effect of enriching the brain marrow,regulating the brain spirit and opening the brain orifices for post-stroke dysarticulation and dysphagia.This paper elaborates in details on the theoretical basis and operation of "Kaiyin Tongyan Acupuncture Method",and two test cases are attched for verification.

Abstract:Premenstrual dysphoric disorder(PMDD)is a severe subtype of Premenstrual Syndrome(PMS)in which patients experience a series of negative emotions such as irritability,anxiety or depression before menstruation.The sensitivity of the γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)energy system to neurosteroid fluctuations during the menstrual cycle is reduced,leading to the emergence of negative emotions in PMDD patients.From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine constitution theory,this paper expounds the manifestation of constitution susceptibility in the GABA energy system of PMDD patients,and explores the similarity between the formation process of PMDD susceptibility constitution types and the key factors affecting the imbalance of the GABA energy system based on the special physiological,psychological and emotional factors leading to liver catharsis disorder in women of childbearing age who are prone to PMDD.

Abstract:"The liver is the thief of the five viscera"is a highly condensed summary of the pathological essence of the imbalance of qi and blood throughout the body and the dysfunction of the internal organs caused by the liver's failure to regulate and release qi.Its connotation can be explained from three aspects:the liver governs the free flow of qi and the coordination of zang-fu organs,liver disease alone is prone to spread to other organs,and liver disease is more common in long-term illness leading to depression.The liver is physiologically related to the lungs and kidneys,and their pathologies are interrelated.By sorting out four test cases of treating lung and kidney diseases from the liver(cough,allergic rhinitis,tinnitus,low back pain with rash),the clinical significance and value of"The liver is the thief of the five viscera"are further clarified,with a prospect of providing a reference for the clinical treatment of lung and kidney diseases from the liver.