Epidemiological Characteristics of Statutory Infectious Diseases in Children Under 15 Years Old in Zhangpu County from 2015 to 2022

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7185.2025.06.003

Abstract：Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of statutory infectious diseases in children under 15 years old in Zhangpu County, and to provide a theoretical basis for risk assessment and formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods Data on statutory infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Zhangpu County from 2015 to 2022 were collected from the disease surveillance reporting management system, and the epidemiological characteristics were analyzed in depth. Results During the period from 2015 to 2022, the incidence rate of statutory infectious diseases among children under 15 years old in Zhangpu County was 2,764.52 per 100,000, which was much higher than the overall population incidence rate of 868.18 per 100,000 (χ²=36,560.605, P<0.01), with an upward trend in annual incidence rates (χ²=3,175.691, P<0.01). The incidence rate of Class B infectious diseases among children under 15 years old was 17.23 per 100,000, and that of Class C infectious diseases was 2,747.18 per 100,000; intestinal infectious diseases ranked first, accounting for 86.71%. From the perspective of individual diseases, other infectious diarrhea was the most common, accounting for 43.79%, followed by hand, foot and mouth disease, influenza, and mumps, ranking second, third, and fourth, respectively. The incidence rate was highest in the 1–<2 years old group, at 11,609.24 per 100,000, followed by the 0–<1 years old group and the 2–<3 years old group. Conclusion The main types of statutory infectious diseases in children under 15 years old in Zhangpu County are Class C infectious diseases, with an increasing trend in incidence rates. However, there are significant differences influenced by age and region. Therefore, targeted prevention and control measures should be implemented based on survey data.