摘要：Sugars are widely recognized for their ability to stabilize cell membranes during dehydration.However,the precise mechanisms by which sugars interact with lipid bilayers remain unclear.This mini-review synthesizes four key hypotheses explaining sugar-mediated protection of dehydrated bilayers:the Water Replacement Hypothesis(WRH),Hydration Force Hypothesis(HFH),Headgroup Bridging Hypothesis(HBH),and Vitrification Hypothesis(VH).We argue that these mechanisms are not mutually exclusive but instead operate synergistically under different cellular contexts.We propose that these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive but likely operate under different cellular contexts.Future studies should prioritize the development of biologically realistic membrane models—incorporating diverse lipids,proteins,and asymmetric leaflets—to elucidate the exact roles and mechanisms of sugars in membrane stabilization.Such advancements will enhance our understanding of anhydrobiosis and inform cryopreservation strategies for mammalian cells.

摘要：Have you ever thought that taking a tourism-related trip could contribute to your well-being or even improve your health status? Have you considered that tourism research could play a role in health science by showcasing new ways of thinking? Tourism scholars have recently contemplated tourism's place in public/global health[1] as a means of enriching the well-being of people living with conditions such as dementia. A seminal study using an interdisciplinary approach[2] integrated expertise in tourism, psychology, marketing, and medical science and proposed tourism as a dementia intervention based on positive psychology. This study established a conceptual model encompassing four tourism experience components (affective, cognitive, conative, and sensorial) and 12 non-pharmacological dementia interventions (environment, mealtimes, Montessori, validation therapy, cognitive stimulation, music therapy, exercise, psychological intervention, reminiscence therapy, sensory stimulation, simulated presence therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) as a foundation for further empirical investigation[2]. To our knowledge, no other work in tourism or medicine has thus far explored the relationship between travel and dementia treatment. The research has attracted widespread media coverage[3-5] and attention from academia and industry (e.g., audiences in health care and tourism). The article, together with associated reports and opinion pieces[6-7], amassed 724 media mentions globally between June and August 2022, reaching a potential audience of more than 514 million and an estimated advertising space rate of $4755283 based on Meltwater feed statistics.

摘要：Osteoarthritis is a common chronic irreversible joint disease characterized by degenerative changes of articular cartilage and secondary hyper osteogeny. Knee osteoarthritis(KOA) affects not only the articular cartilage, but also the entire joint, including subchondral bone, joint capsule, synovial membrane, meniscus, ligaments, periarticular muscles, and tendons. The primary aim of treatment is to relieve symptoms, delay joint degeneration, and maximally maintain patient's quality of life. There are many risk factors contributing to the development of KOA, including climate. This review will discuss the relationship between climate in cold region and KOA and the possibility of modifying risk factors such as the environment for the prevention and treatment of KOA.

摘要：N6-methyladenosine (M6A) is the most common modification in eukaryotic RNAs for the regulation of RNA transcription, processing, splicing, degradation, and translation. RNA modification by M6A is dynamically reversible, involving methylated transferase, demethylase, and methylated reading protein. M6A-mediated gene regulation involves cell differentiation, metastasis, apoptosis, and proliferation. Dysregulation of M6A can lead to various diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) seriously endangers human health and brings great social burden. Seeking effective prevention and treatment strategies for CVD is a challenge to both fundamentalists and clinicians. Substantial evidence has suggested the key role of M6A modification in the development of CVDs. This review summarizes the mechanism of M6A RNA modification and the latest research progress in respect with its role in CVDs, including atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction and cardiac remodeling, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension, and aortic aneurysm, and the potential applications of the findings to CVDs, thereby providing new ideas and approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of CVDs.

摘要：Objective: The purpose of this study was to find a suitable model to evaluate the relationship between temperature and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and explore the effects of cold spells and heat waves on the clinicopathological parameters of ICH patients. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study based on the ICH admission in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from 2015 to 2020 (N = 11124). The relationship between different seasons and the number of patients with ICH was explored. Poisson Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to select the optimal model for temperature and ICH. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between extreme temperatures and clinicopathological features. Results: Hospital admissions for patients with ICH showed monthly changes. The optimal cold spell was defined as the daily average temperature < 3rd percentile, lasting for five days, while the optimal heat wave was defined as the daily average temperature >97th percentile, lasting for three days. Based on the generalized extreme weather model, cold climate significantly increased the risk of hematoma volume expansion (OR 1.003; 95％ CI: 1.000-1.005, P = 0.047). In the optimal model, the occurrence of cold spells and heat waves increased the risk of midline shift in both conditions (OR 1.067; 95％ CI: 1.021-1.115, P = 0.004; OR 1.077; 95％ CI: 1.030-1.127, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study shows that seasonal cold spells and heat waves are essential factors affecting ICH severity, and targeted preventive measures should be taken to minimize the pathological impacts.

摘要：Hypertension is the most common cardiovascular condition in clinical practice and a major risk factor for stroke and cardiovascular events.There are more than 270 million hypertension patients in China,and the prevalence of hypertension in the high-latitude cold areas is significantly higher than in the low-latitude warm areas.The unique epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of hypertension in the cold regions of China urge for establishment of the prevention and control system for targeted and more effective management of the condition.

摘要：Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally, with the majority of the adult population exposed to multiple traditional or non-traditional CVD risk factors[1].

摘要：Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the top-ranked cause of human death in the world for years, according to the World Health Organization. Accumulating evidence from epidemiological data supports the view that the risk of CVDs is higher in northern China than in southern area. There is no doubt that living environment has become a crucial factor contributing to the occurrence and progression of CVDs in northern region. However, there have not been any clinical guidelines for the prevention strategy of environment-related CVDs, especially for cold exposure. Thus, there is an urgent need for better understanding of the clinical characteristics and underlying mechanisms of cold-induced CVDs in order to formulate and implement proper and effective measures for minimizing the risk of CVDs for people residing in low-temperature area. Cold exposure, air pollution, lack of sunlight and irrational diet are believed to be crucial factors responsible for environment-related CVDs, and preventive measures might be carried out accordingly to decrease the high risk of CVDs in northern China.

摘要：The concept of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)emphasizes the intrinsic connection between human beings and nature,positing that the human body undergoes distinct physiological changes in response to various natural environments.Cold,as a primary external factor in cold areas,necessitates the body's autonomous adaptation to uphold optimal living conditions.The repercussions of cold on the body are both far-reaching and profound,with metabolic equilibrium adjustments playing a pivotal role.This article,rooted in the TCM principle of Yin-Yang balance,delves into the metabolic intricacies and adaptive responses to the human body in cold environments.The effects manifest in heat-producing tissues,systemic substance consumption,the blood substance concentrations,liver function,and metabolic rhythms.The article subsequently presents TCM recommendations for maintaining health in cold climates.It concludes by advocating the exploration of metabolic homeostasis changes as a key avenue for investigating the metabolic traits s of populations in cold regions.We posit that such insights will enhance comprehension of the metabolic shifts in cold region populations and advance the evolution of regional medicine.

摘要：Because of the overbearing low temperature,cold areas increase the morbidity and mortality of chronic non-communicable diseases(chronic diseases)in exposed populations.With the growth of the aging population and the superposition of lifestyle risk factors,the number of people with chronic diseases in cold areas is climbing,and the family and social burdens are rising.These health-threatening circumstances in the cold areas render the general practitioners to face serious challenges and difficulties in the community management of chronic diseases.This paper summarizes the current situation of chronic disease management in cold areas and explores the relevant management models so as to provide a useful reference for regional health construction,graded diagnosis and treatment,and prevention and control of chronic diseases in China.

摘要：Objective:To explore the effects of daily mean temperature(℃),average daily air pressure(hPa),humidity(％),wind speed(m/s),particulate matter(PM)2.5(μg/m3)and PM10(μg/m3)on the admission rate of chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University in Harbin and to identify the indexes and lag days that impose the most critical influence.Methods:The R language Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model(DLNM),Excel,and SPSS were used to analyze the disease and meteorological data of Harbin from 01 January 2010 to 31 December 2019 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Results:Meteorological factors and air pollution influence the number of hospitalizations of CKD to vary degrees in cold regions,and differ in persistence or delay.Non-optimal temperature increases the risk of admission of CKD,high temperature increases the risk of obstructive kidney disease,and low temperature increases the risk of other major types of chronic kidney disease.The greater the temperature difference is,the higher its contribution is to the risk.The non-optimal wind speed and non-optimal atmospheric pressure are associated with increased hospital admissions. PM2.5 concentrations above 40 μg/m3 have a negative impact on the results.Conclusion:Cold region meteorology and specific environment do have an impact on the number of hospital admissions for chronic kidney disease,and we can apply DLMN to describe the analysis.

摘要：Thrombotic diseases are the leading causes of death worldwide,especially in cold climates.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)-based therapies have gained increasing popularity worldwide,but also raised some concerns about its efficacy,safety profile and exact mechanisms.TCM has been traditionally used in the management of thrombosis and convincingly proven effective in modifying thrombosis progression,particularly the platelet function,coagulation system and fibrinolytic system.This review article focuses on TCM regulation of thrombosis with brief discussion on the fundamental aspects and relevant background information for better understanding of the subject.In addition to its antithrombotic effects,we will dive insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of TCM as pharmacological regulators of platelet aggregation,coagulation,and fibrinolysis.With increasing awareness and understanding of the benefits and potentials of TCM,TCM products will in no doubt gain its broader applications in the treatment of thrombosis and associated disorders,which in turn will deepen our understanding of its pharmacological and molecular mechanisms.Finally,current review provides a perspective view on the future directions to TCM research on thrombosis.

摘要：Background:Previous studies have established a link between fluctuations in climate and increased mortality due to coronary artery disease(CAD).However,there remains a need to explore and clarify the evidence for associations between meteorological changes and hospitalization incidences related to CAD and its subtypes,especially in cold regions.This study aimed to systematically investigate the relationship between exposure to meteorological changes,air pollutants,and hospitalization for CAD in cold regions.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study using hospitalization records of 86,483 CAD patients between January 1,2009,and December 31,2019.Poisson regression analysis,based on generalized additive models,was applied to estimating the influence of hospitalization for CAD.Results:Significant associations were found between low ambient temperature[-10℃,RR=1.65;95％Cl:(1.28-2.13)]and the incidence of hospitalization for CAD within a lag of 0-14 days.Furthermore,O3[95.50 μg/m3,RR=12;95％Cl:(1.03-1.21)]and NO2[48.70 μg/m3,RR=1.0895％Cl:(1.01-1.15)]levels were identified as primary air pollutants affecting the incidence of CAD,ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),and non-STEMI(NSTEMI)within the same lag period.Furthermore,O3[95.50 μg/m3,RR=1.12;95％Cl:(1.03-1.21)]and NO2[48.70 μg/m3,RR=1.0895％Cl:(1.01-1.15)]levels were identified as primary air pollutants affecting the incidence of CAD,ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI),and non-STEMI(NSTEMI)within the same lag period.The effect curve of CAD hospitalization incidence significantly increased at lag days 2 and 4 when NO2 and O3 concentrations were higher,with a pronounced effect at 7 days,dissipating by lag 14 days.No significant associations were observed between exposure to PM,SO2,air pressure,humidity,or wind speed and hospitalization incidences due to CAD and its subtypes.Conclusion:Our findings suggest a positive correlation between short-term exposure to low ambient temperatures or air pollutants(O3 and NO2)and hospitalizations for CAD,STEMI,and NSTEMI.These results could aid the development of effective preparedness strategies for frequent extreme weather events and support clinical and public health practices aimed at reducing the disease burden associated with current and future abnormal weather events.

摘要：1 Cardiovascular disease and temperature Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global mortality and morbidity[1].

摘要：A frigid zone is usually a region of low latitude or high altitude.In terms of temperature,the criterium for defining a frigid zone is that the average temperature of the coldest month is below 0℃.In China,the frigid zone accounts for 43.5％of the total land area;therefore,health management and disease research in frigid zone are universal and necessary.It should be noted that a growing amount of research indicates that low temperature is not the only risk factor that influences the incidence and progression of chronic diseases,and many other factors also have great impacts on the health status of residents,such as the living environment,lifestyle,net outflow of population,and aging process.

摘要：Objective: Cold exposure is associated with increased prevalence of hypertension and the related severe cardiovascular events. Aberrant activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an important role in the development of hypertension. Tranilast (TR), an inhibitor of NLRP3, provides a useful pharmacological probe for exploring the role of NLRP3 in pathogenesis associated with inflammation and its potential application as a therapeutic agent. This study was designed to examine the effects of TR on NLRP3 and hypertension in rats exposed to cold environment to simulate the frigid-zone conditions. Methods and results: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to moderate cold temperature (4±1℃), and then were randomized to receive TR or vehicle for 3 weeks, while the control group was raised under rat room temperature (RT, 23±1℃). We found that cold exposure substantially increased blood pressure, NLRP3 inflammasome level, and fibrosis in aorta, which were reversed by TR. Conclusion: TR has an anti-hypertensive property in cold environment, and this beneficial action is likely conferred by its inhibitory effects on inflammation and fibrosis. These findings suggest TR as a potential drug for the treatment of cold-induced hypertension.

摘要：A frigid zone is usually a region of low latitude or high altitude. In terms of temperature, the criterium for defining a frigid zone is that the average temperature of the coldest month is below 0℃. In China, the frigid zone accounts for 43.5％ of the total land area; therefore, health management and disease research in frigid zone are universal and necessary. It should be noted that a growing amount of research indicates that low temperature is not the only risk factor that influences the incidence and progression of chronic diseases, and many other factors also have great impacts on the health status of residents, such as the living environment, lifestyle, net outflow of population, and aging process.

摘要：Objective: The fruit stalk of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis) has been found to contain bioactive components similar to the fruit of S. chinensis. Here, we report a recent discovery about new nortriterpenoids with a novel skeleton and anti-gastric cancer activity, which were isolated from the fruit stalk of S. chinensis.Methods: The chemical components of ethyl acetate extract from 70％ ethanol extract from S. chinensis fruit stalk were separated, purified, and identified by liquid chromatography methods (silica gel, ODS, HPLC) and extensive spectroscopic analyses (NMR, IR, UV, MS, CD). Results: Two new nortriterpenoids, schilancitrilactone M and 25-hydroxyl schindilactone D (1 and 2), along with ten known nortriterpenoids (3-12) were isolated from the fruit stalk of S. chinensis. The isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxic activities against MGC-803 cells, and the results showed that compounds 6-8 possessed significant activities with IC50 of 9.01, 11.77, and 2.74 μmol/L, respectively.Conclusion: Twelve nortriterpenoids including two new compounds were isolated from the fruit stalk of S. chinensis for the first time. Among them, compounds 6-8 showed significant anti-gastric cancer activities. We postulated that the fruit stalk of S. chinensis could be used as an anti-gastric cancer drug.

摘要：Hypertension has become the primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease in China and one of the most critical causes of death from diseases worldwide[1-2].

摘要：Extreme cold environment can threaten human health and life through increasing the risk of myocardial infarction,stroke,frostbite,and hypothermia.Insufficient heat production to maintain core body temperature is a major cause of cold injury.To cope with cold stress,human and other mammals have developed the capacity of cold acclimatization to adapt to such a harsh environment.Adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis is a ubiquitous form of cold acclimatization.This review article systematically summarizes the role of three inducible thermogenic forms,including food intake,circadian rhythms,and cold exposure in mediating non-shivering thermogenesis under cold exposure and presents the potential interventions for minimizing the adverse health consequences of cold temperature.