摘要：Objectives Pancreatic cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.Long non-coding RNAs(ln-cRNAs)have been identified as oncogenes,facilitating the development and progression of pancreatic cancer.Necro-ptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death that is involved in anti-tumor immunity and tumor prognosis.Until now,the clinical significance of necroptosis-associated lncRNAs in pancreatic cancer remains largely unexplored. Methods Gene expression and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.To identify lncRNAs,we conducted co-expression analysis using immune genes from the database.The risk model was constructed by employing univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses,as well as Lasso penalized regression analysis.The patients were then divided into high-risk and low-risk groups.Subsequently,we assessed our signature across diverse clinical settings,encompassing clinicopathological characteristics,tumor-infiltrating immune cells,and checkpoint-related biomarkers.Prognostic prediction was achieved by integrating differentially expressed lncRNA signatures associated with necroptosis.We constructed a highly predictive nomogram by com-bining the necroptosis-related lncRNA signature with clinical features. Results We generated lncRNA signatures by evaluating the expression variations of different lncRNAs.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value for the 5-year survival rate,which indicates the predictive ability of the signature,was 0.918.Further analysis demonstrated that our signature can effectively differentiate unfavorable survival outcomes,combine prognostic clinicopathological characteristics,and accurately determine tumor infiltration status.Significant correlations were observed between the low-risk group and high expression levels of immune checkpoint-related genes. Conclusions An innovative necroptosis-associated lncRNA signature for pancreatic cancer was developed using the TCGA database,which demonstrated promising prognostic value.Our nomogram could serve as a novel tool to improve pancreatic clinical outcomes of pancreatic cancer.

摘要：Objective The study aims to investigate the effects of interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase(ITK)on hepatitis B virus(HBV)-induced type I interferon(IFN)expression and the antiviral response. Methods Expression of ITK and type I interferon(IFN)were examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 20 healthy volunteers and 45 HBV-infected patients.Mouse primary hepatocytes were treated with the ITK inhibitor ibrutinib to assess the expression of type I IFN after HBV infection in vitro.Mice were treated with ibru-tinib and evaluated for its effects on HBV infection in vivo.The effects of type I IFN production were explored in cells with an ITK deletion or a double knockout of ITK and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1(SOCS1)engi-neered via CRISPR. Results The expression levels of ITK and IFN-β were upregulated in patients with acute HBV infection.HBV-in-duced expression of type I IFN was effectively inhibited by treatment with ibrutinib.ITK negatively regulated the expression of SOSC1,whereas inhibiting ITK expression decreased IFN regulatory factor 3 activity and increased SOCS1 expression.In the SOCS1 knockout,the downregulated phenotype of type I IFN expression in ITK-defi-cient cells was reversed after HBV infection. Conclusion ITK regulated HBV-induced expression of type I IFN by modulating SOCS1.

摘要：Objectives To study the characteristics of a scabies infection outbreak and its associated factors in a hospital intensive care unit(ICU).And to explore the prompt and precise diagnosis and intervention strategies. Methods Based on the epidemiological and clinical symptoms,microscopy examine was performed to study the morphology of rashes and metagenomics next-generation sequencing was used to identify pathogens.In the meantime,medical intervention measures and comprehensive environmental disinfection were carried out to control the outbreak. Results Between March 8 and May 10,2022,one patient and 30 ICU personnels(two doctors,24 nursing staffs,and six family members)suffered a rash on their limbs and trunks involving scattered red papules,her-pes-like lesions,scabs,and desquamation,with intensive itching.The source of the scabies infection was traced back to an elderly hospitalized patient who had been paralyzed and bed-ridden for many years.The pathogen was identified as Sarcoptes scabiei,which is mainly transmitted through direct contact and indirect contact via environmental objects.After comprehensive prevention and control measures were taken,including the isola-tion of infected subjects,the effective disinfection of the clothing of the infected persons and environmental items in the duty room and ward,and active treatment,no new cases were found. Conclusions Scabies infection should be considered when there is a nosocomial outbreak of an unknown rash in the hospital.Metagenomics next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for pathogen identification.Train-ing and education of medical personnel are dispensable and hospital infection intervention strategies are to be setup to effectively block and control nosocomial parasite infections.

摘要：Objectives To investigate the sterilization effects of carbon quantum dots(CDs)exhibiting red fluorescence(de-noted as SG-CDs)on various bacteria Methods SG-CDs were prepared using a one-step high-pressure method with glucose and porphyrin ring deriva-tives as raw materials.The three antibacterial materials were SG-CDs(2000 mg/L),hypochlorous acid(2000 mg/L),and iodophor(2000 mg/L),and the five American standard bacterial strains were Staphylococcus aureus(Sau),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Pae),Escherichia coli(Eco),Enterobacter cloacae(Ecl),and Klebsiella pneumoniae(Kpn).Each of the five bacteria was added separately to cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broths containing all three antibacterial ingredients and then incubated for 8 h at 35℃.After incubation,the bacteria were coated on an enrichment medium and incubated overnight at 35℃.The colony forming units in the culture medium were counted,and the sterilization effects of SG-CDs in the experimental group,positive control group,and quali-ty-control group were compared. Results The bactericidal activity of SG-CDs against all five drug-resistant bacteria(mortality rate≥99.9%)was equivalent to that of hypochlorite but higher than that of iodophor.At the same concentration,the bactericidal activity of SG-CDs against Sau,Pae,and Eco was twice that of iodine,while the bactericidal activity of SG-CDs against Ecl and Kpn was four times that of iodine. Conclusions In conclusion,SG-CDs showed significant bactericidal activity against five types of bacteria,name-ly Sau,Pae,Eco,Ecl,and Kpn.CDs exhibiting red fluorescence have the potential to replace antibiotics and over-come bacterial drug resistance,serving as important medicines for treating bacterial infections and wounds.

摘要：Q fever is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the intracellular bacterial pathogen Coxiella burnetii,which of-ten manifests clinically as a fever,rash,and swollen lymph nodes.As these clinical symptoms are nonspecific,the diagnosis of Q fever is challenging.Here,we described a case of Q fever that mainly manifested as fever and pro-vide new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of Q fever patients.A female patient,who presented at our hospital with a fever on 3 May,2023,responded poorly to antibiotic treatment and had no clear diagnosis.Using the metagenomic next generation sequencing(mNGS)technique,the patient was diagnosed with Q fever and the symptoms were alleviated following the administration of doxycycline.In conclusion,Q fever infection is rare in clinic but its diagnosis can be aided by mNGS.Rapid diagnosis of Q fever allows for early initiation of anti-infec-tion therapy,which improves the prognosis of patients.

摘要：Dear editor, Recently,a research team led by Professor Chen Yu from the Fourth Department of the Liver Disease Cen-ter at Beijing Youan Hospital,affiliated with Capital Medical University,published an academic paper en-titled "Epidemiological Characteristics of Inpatients with Liver Failure at Beijing Youan Hospital from 2012 to 2021" in the core journal Chinese Journal of Hepatology. In this study,data from 8,512 hospitalized patients with liver failure were analyzed,including the demographic characteristics,the trends in the various types of liver failure,and the trends in the etiologies of liver failure. The results provide evidence-based support for strategies aimed at preventing and treating liver failure in the clinic.

摘要：During the summer vacation period,many will visit grasslands to enjoy the natural scenery and cloud-covered mountains. This year,the grassland vegetation is particularly lush,and this has increased the activities of various grassland animals. Indeed,social media is replete with images of tourists with wild animals,such as marmots and wild rabbits. However,relevant authorities have recommended that tourists refrain from coming into close contact with wild animals. This recommendation is not just about the welfare of the animals;it is about protect-ing public health,given that these animals can carry pathogens,including deadly ones.

摘要：INFECTION CONTROL is an international,open-access,peer-reviewed medical journal,just launched in 2023. It is officially affiliated to Chinese Medical Doctor Association (CMDA),under the supervision of National Healthy Commission.

摘要：Japanese encephalitis(JE)is an acute mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus.JE is primarily endemic in Asia,with high mortality and disability rates.In this study,we used bibliometric methods to analyze global research on JE from 2010 to 2024,identifying development trends and hotspots.The results in-dicated that between 2010 and 2019,annual publications remained stable at 110-130 articles per year;however,a notable increase occurred from 2020,likely related to global public health events.Since 2017,average annual cita-tions have declined,suggesting topic saturation or a shifting research focus.Publications were mainly concentrat-ed in 10 journals,notably Vaccine,and keyword analysis showed that"Japanese encephalitis virus"and"vaccine"were the core themes.Coupling cluster analysis identified three major research areas—virology,epidemiology,and vaccine development—with the latter playing a key role in disease control.International collaboration analysis revealed that China,India,and the United States were the main contributors,with the most frequent cooperation between China and the United States.This study systematically delineated the development of research on JE and revealed the evolutionary trend in research hotspots.Our findings provide a scientific basis for the optimization of future research directions and the rational allocation of research resources.Our findings will help to promote fur-ther research on the prevention,control,and treatment of JE.

摘要：Background It is well known that patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection are experiencing both physical and psychological pressures.However,no previous studies have examined whether the psychological state of HCV patients changes after treatment with direct-acting antivirals(DAAs). Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted using the following scales:1.The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale;2.The Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale;3.Global Assessment of Functioning Scale;4.Life Event Checklist;5.Patient Health Questionnaire-9;6.Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology;7.The 12-item Short Form Health Survey;8.Stigma;9.Subjective social status.Cohort members were included if they had HCV infection and were willing to receive DAAs therapy. Results Global Assessment of Functioning Scale score and subjective social status score were significantly dif-ferent in HCV patients without DAAs treatment compared with HCV patients after treatment with DAAs(P<0.05).We found no significant differences in other scales. Conclusions The current findings suggested that there was no change in the psychological status of HCV patients after treatment with DAAs except for the patient's sense of their position.

摘要：We report the case of a 33-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with fatigue lasting 1 month and fever lasting 10 days.Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the upper abdomen revealed multiple abnormal signals in the liver,suggestive of infectious lesions.Liver biopsy pathology showed predominantly proliferative fibrous tissue with significant infiltration of plasma cells and neutrophils,raising the possibility of an IgG4-related inflammatory pseudotumor.Following treatment with cefoperazone-sulbactam sodium,the patient's body tem-perature returned to normal.After further evaluation,the final diagnosis was confirmed as IgG4-related hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor.

摘要：Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors(INSTIs)have favorable safety and tolerability profiles,potent antiviral activ-ity,and high resistance barriers,solving the limitations of previous antiretrovirals caused by resistant mutations.While first-generation INSTIs have exhibited emerging resistance challenges during extended clinical use,sec-ond-generation INSTIs provide enhanced resistance barriers and extended plasma half-lives relative to their prede-cessors.Optimized combination regimens incorporating these agents have substantially improved therapeutic con-venience and long-term disease management in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)care.Current investigations focus on multiple combination strategies employing second-generation INSTIs including dolutegravir(DTG)and bictegravir(BIC),with preliminary findings demonstrating substantial clinical benefits.The DTG/lamivudine(3TC)dual regimen in the GEMINI and TANGO studies achieved 92.1%-99.6%virologic suppression rates at week 48,maintaining efficacy through 144 weeks.The cabotegravir(CAB)/Rilpivirine(RPV)long-acting injectable combi-nation in ATLAS trials demonstrated 92.5%suppression efficacy with validated every-two-month dosing intervals.The BIC/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide triple regimen in studies 1489/1490 maintained>84%suppression at week 144 while retaining activity against resistant variants.Real-world data confirm that these regimens main-tained a viral suppression rate of>90%in both treatment-naïve and-experienced patients,with treatment inter-ruption rates of<5%.Recent advances include the US Food and Drug Administration's approval of DTG/3TC for use in adolescents≥12 years old and adaptive studies of CAB/RPV in special populations.This article summariz-es the research progress of current combination formulations based on second-generation INSTIs to provide new therapeutic options and clinical insights for the treatment of patients with HIV.

摘要：Objective To explore the value of clinical application of a navigation system with three-dimensional(3D)imag-ing for thermal ablation of liver tumors. Methods The study cohort comprised 60 patients who underwent computer tomography-(CT)guided thermal ablation(radiofrequency or microwave ablation)of liver tumors in our department from August 2021 to October 2022.A random envelope method was used to allocate the study patients randomly to two groups of 30 patients each:a navigation and a control group.An intraoperative 3D imaging navigation system with CT guidance was used in the navigation group,whereas traditional CT guidance was used in the control group.During the thermal ablation process,the number of puncture needle adjustments,time to target puncture,and number of CT scans were recorded and compare between the two groups. Results The average number of punctures and needle adjustments was significantly lower in the navigation group(2.7±1.1 mins)than in the control group(4.9±3.7 mins).The average time taken to puncture the target was significantly shorter in the navigation group(11.3±4.2 mins)than in the control group(15.5±4.8 mins).There average number of CT scans was significantly smaller in the navigation group(4.5±1.6)than in the con-trol group(8.4±4.5)(all P<0.05). Conclusion Use of an intraoperative 3D imaging navigation system in thermal ablation of liver tumors can im-prove the accuracy of tumor thermal ablation puncture and reduce the number of punctures,number of CT scans,and average puncture time.Such systems can play an important role in the clinic.

摘要：Bacteria of the family Weeksellaceae are Gram-negative,and include 17 genera and 185 species.The emerging infectious pathogens of the family include Chryseobacterium indologenes,C.gleum,Elizabethkingia anophelis,E.meningoseptica,and E.miricola.In this review,we summarize the reported infections and the virulence factors of these pathogens.The main virulence factors of C.indologenes include phosphatases and proteases.The formation of the E.anophelis biofilm is associated with its pathogenicity,and the virulence factors of E.miricola,E.anoph-elis,and E.meningoseptica have been predicted from the genomic sequences of clinical strains.In this article,we summarize the case reports of infection and the virulence factors of pathogens in the family Weeksellaceae,to pro-vide important data for evaluating the potential pathogenicity of other species within the family.

摘要：End-stage liver disease is a common severe liver disease syndrome in clinical practice,and is caused by various conditions including hepatitis,decompensated liver cirrhosis,and hepatoma.Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for patients with liver failure.However,there is a severe shortage of liver donors,and other challenges.Therefore,cell transplantation therapy for end-stage liver diseases,including acute liver injury,has garnered increasing attention as a viable alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation.A wide range of cell sourc-es is available and can be categorized into mature and immature cell types.Currently,cell transplantation still fac-es numerous challenges.These challenges include a substantial demand for mature cells,whereas immature cells must overcome issues,such as the loss of stemness and aberrant differentiation,all of which have considerably im-peded the clinical advancement of cell transplantation.Therefore,identifying appropriate cell sources and ensur-ing their ability to survive in vitro and engrafting and repopulating damaged hepatocytes in vivo can facilitate liver protection and regeneration,thereby improving outcomes for patients with end-stage liver disease.Furthermore,because mitochondria are vital organelles for cell survival,research on mitochondrial function is a critical indica-tor for evaluating the fate of cells.Similarly,maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial morphology and function is essential for the optimal performance of transplanted cells.In this review,we summarize the research progress on cell transplantation for the treatment of end-stage liver diseases using acute liver injury as a disease model and further discuss the relationship between mitochondria and cell fate.

摘要：Objective This study aimed to examine the pharmacodynamic effects of Nanyang kiwifruit extract on rats with traumatic oral ulcers and to provide a theoretical basis for its potential clinical application in treating oral mucosal diseases. Methods Fifty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were acclimatized for 1 week before being subjected to chemi-cal cauterization to induce oral ulcers.The rats were then divided into six groups:the control group,the model group,Nanyang kiwifruit extract/hydroxyapatite group,the hydroxyapatite group,the ordinary kiwifruit ex-tract group,and Nanyang kiwifruit extract group.The evaluation indicators included the state of ulcer healing,the ulcer area,and the healing period.To assess the pathology of the wounds,three rats from each group were randomly selected on the third and fifth days of drug administration for hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining. Results Compared with the other groups,Nanyang kiwifruit extract and Nanyang kiwifruit extract/hydroxyapa-tite group demonstrated a significant reduction in the healing time of oral ulcers,as evidenced by both observation and the HE staining results.The HE staining further revealed that the mucosal epithelium healed more rapidly and the edema recovered faster in the Nanyang kiwifruit extract group and Nanyang kiwifruit extract/hydroxyapatite group than in the other groups.These findings indicate that the Nanyang kiwifruit extract group and Nanyang ki-wifruit extract/hydroxyapatite group had a pronounced effect on promoting ulcer healing. Conclusion Nanyang kiwifruit extract and the hydroxyapatite effectively promote ulcer healing and reduce the healing time of oral ulcer wounds.

摘要：Objective To explore the predictive value of inflammatory factors and coagulation function for abdominal infec-tion in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites. Methods A total of 82 patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites at Beijing You'an Hospital,Capital Medical University,from January to May 2024 were selected and divided into the infected group(n=37)and the uninfected group(n=45)according to the presence of abdominal infection.Inflammatory factors and coagulation function were compared between the two groups,and the correlations of inflammatory factors and coagulation function with abdominal infection were an-alyzed by Spearman's correlation.The factors influencing abdominal infection in patients with liver cirrhosis-associated ascites were identified by multivariate logistic regression.The predictive value of inflammatory factors and coagulation function for liver cirrhosis-associated ascites was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis. Results Among the 82 patients,there were 69 men and 12 women.The age range was 33-82 years,and the mean age was 59.2±11.5 years.There were 45 patients with abdominal infection(54.88%).Spearman's correlation analysis showed that abdominal infection was positively correlated with C-reactive protein(CRP),procalcitonin,international normalized ratio(INR),and D-dimer(DD).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that patients with higher CRP(odds ratio[OR]4.701,95%confidence interval[CI]1.040-21.253,P=0.044),higher procalcitonin(OR 4.800,95%CI 1.481-15.558,P=0.009),higher INR(OR 48.373,95%CI 1.088-64.462,P=0.041),and higher DD(OR 3.441,95%CI 1.045-11.327,P=0.042)were more likely to have abdominal infection.The area under the ROC curve(AUC)for CRP,PCT,INR,and DD for predicting abdominal infection in patients with liver cirrhosis-as-sociated ascites was 0.759(95%CI 0.655-0.863,P=0.000),0.756(95%CI 0.648-0.864,P=0.000),0.636(95%CI 0.513-0.757,P=0.036),and 0.659(95%CI 0.541-0.778,P=0.014),respectively,with sensitivity values of 0.8667,0.7778,0.7556,and 0.5111,respectively,and specificity values of 0.5405,0.7027,0.4865,and 0.8378,respectively. Conclusion Inflammatory factors and coagulation function have high predictive value for abdominal infection in patients with liver cirrhosis-associated ascites and may be important references for clinical treatment.

摘要：We report a case of a 25-year-old pregnant woman at 15 weeks and 4 days of gestation who presented with mas-sive vaginal bleeding and syncope.She was diagnosed with incomplete spontaneous abortion,hemorrhagic shock,acute renal failure,and ketoacidosis.Emergency interventions included fluid resuscitation,blood transfusion,uter-ine evacuation,and continuous venovenous hemofiltration(CVVH).Due to septicemia,empirical anti-infective therapy with meropenem and vancomycin was initiated,guided by therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM)to optimize dosing.Over the course of treatment,the patient's renal function improved,the infection was controlled,and she was stabilized and transferred to a general ward.This case highlights the challenges of managing sepsis and renal failure in pregnancy,emphasizing the critical role of TDM in optimizing antibiotic therapy.It underscores the im-portance of individualized treatment strategies in improving outcomes for high-risk pregnant patients and provides valuable insights for the management of similar cases.

摘要：How are the symptoms of monkeypox different from those of chickenpox? Monkeypox and chickenpox are infectious diseases caused by different viruses.The causative agent of chickenpox is the varicella-zoster virus.Both diseases present with rashes.The monkeypox rash is typically round,firm in texture,and scabs over in 2-4 weeks,sometimes leaving scars.The chickenpox rash mainly consists of vesicles with thin walls,which scab over in 1-2 weeks,and which generally do not leave scars.

摘要：Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection continues to pose significant challenges to global health,with neurological complications remaining a major concern.